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Peter Andrew Stewart Milliken (born November 12, 1946) is a Canadian lawyer and politician. He was a member of the Canadian House of Commons from 1988 until his retirement in 2011 and served as Speaker of the House for 10 years beginning in 2001. Milliken represented the Ontario riding of Kingston and the Islands as a member of the Liberal Party. On October 12, 2009, he became the longest serving Speaker of the House of Commons in Canadian history.〔http://thechronicleherald.ca/Canada/1147275.html〕 His Speakership was notable for the number of tie-breaking votes he was required to make as well as for making several historic rulings. Milliken also has the unique distinction of being the first Speaker to preside over four Parliaments. His legacy includes his landmark rulings on Parliament’s right to information, which are key elements of parliamentary precedent both in Canada and throughout the Commonwealth. Milliken chose to stand down from Parliament at the 2011 federal election.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Commons Speaker Milliken won't run again )〕 His successor as presiding officer of the House of Commons, Andrew Scheer, was elected on June 2, 2011.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Parliament of Canada Act (R.S., 1985, c. P-1), s. 53 )〕 Milliken is the cousin of John Matheson, a former Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) best known for his prominent role in adopting the red maple leaf as the Flag of Canada. ==Early life and career== Milliken was born in Kingston, Ontario, the eldest of seven children to a physician father,〔http://www.nationalpost.com/news/story.html?id=2139409&p=1〕 and is a descendant of United Empire Loyalists who left the new United States of America after the American Revolution. He holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Political Science and Economics from Queen's University (1968), a Bachelor of Arts (1970) and Master of Arts (1978) in Jurisprudence from Oxford University, (Wadham College), in England, and a Bachelor of Laws (1971) degree from Dalhousie University.〔(Peter Milliken biographical sketch, "Canada votes 2006" ), Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.〕 He was active in student politics, and served a year as speaker of the student government's assembly at Queen's. In 1967-68, he worked as a special assistant to federal cabinet minister George J. McIlraith.〔Judi McLeod, "Gentleman Politician", ''Kingston Whig-Standard'', August 5, 1988, p. 1.〕 Called to the Ontario Bar in 1973, Milliken was a partner at the prestigious Kingston law firm, Cunningham, Swan, Carty, Little & Bonham, before entering political life. He also lectured on a part-time basis at the Queen's University School of Business from 1973 to 1981, became a governor of the Kingston General Hospital in 1977, and has been a trustee with the Chalmers United Church.〔Lynn Messerschmidt, "Longtime Liberal challenges city councillor for nomination", ''Kingston Whig-Standard'', March 9, 1988, p. 1.〕 As a consultant, he produced the Milliken Report on the future of Queen's University athletics in the late 1970s. A fan of classical music, he has sung with the Pro Arte Singers and the Chalmers United Church Choir as well as serving on the board of the Kingston Symphony.〔Anne Kershaw, "Peter Milliken: Liberal Party", ''Kingston Whig-Standard'', November 19, 1988, p. 1.〕 He also often canoes, taking week-long trips in northern Canada.〔 In 2001, he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws degree from the State University of New York at Potsdam.〔(Peter Milliken, Commencement Address to the State University of New York at Potsdam ), May 20, 2001.〕 He is an honorary member of the Royal Military College of Canada, and an Honorary Patron of Choirs Ontario. Milliken has long been active in political matters, having served as president of the Frontenac Addington Provincial Liberal AssociationKingston in the 1980s. He subscribed to the Canadian House of Commons Hansard at age sixteen, and once wrote a thesis paper on Question Period.〔Jeffrey Simpson, "Speaking of politics: a race too close to call", ''Globe and Mail'', January 10, 2001, A15.〕 Unlike most MPs, he was already well-versed in parliamentary procedure at the time of his first election.〔Stevie Cameron, "Time will tell whether promising neophytes produce a good show", ''Globe and Mail'', November 24, 1988, A2.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Peter Milliken」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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